Most people only touch DNS records during a domain setup or an email deliverability fix, which is exactly often enough to forget the details in between. The record types themselves aren't complicated individually — it's remembering which one does what, months apart, that's the actual friction.
A, CNAME and MX cover most day-to-day changes
An A record points a name straight at an IPv4 address. A CNAME aliases one name to another name instead of an address — useful for subdomains pointing at a hosting provider's own domain. MX records are specifically about where a domain's email should be delivered, with priority values controlling fallback order.
TXT records quietly run email authentication
SPF, DKIM and DMARC — the three main systems that fight email spoofing and improve deliverability — are all implemented as TXT records, not a dedicated record type of their own. This is why "add this TXT record" instructions show up so often when connecting a domain to an email service, even though nothing about the syntax hints at what it's actually for.
TeckForge's DNS Record Type Reference is a plain-English explanation of every common record type — A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, TXT, NS, SOA, SRV, PTR, CAA and a few less common ones — for the moments when a setup guide assumes you already know.